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      <nav aria-label="Table of contents"><h2>Table of contents</h2>
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<li><a class="" href="index.html">Welcome</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="foreword.html">Foreword</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="preface.html">Preface</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-1-introduction.html"><span class="header-section-number">1</span> Introduction</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-2-getting-started.html"><span class="header-section-number">2</span> Getting Started</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-3-obtaining-data.html"><span class="header-section-number">3</span> Obtaining Data</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-4-creating-command-line-tools.html"><span class="header-section-number">4</span> Creating Command-line Tools</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-5-scrubbing-data.html"><span class="header-section-number">5</span> Scrubbing Data</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-6-project-management-with-make.html"><span class="header-section-number">6</span> Project Management with Make</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-7-exploring-data.html"><span class="header-section-number">7</span> Exploring Data</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-8-parallel-pipelines.html"><span class="header-section-number">8</span> Parallel Pipelines</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-9-modeling-data.html"><span class="header-section-number">9</span> Modeling Data</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-10-polyglot-data-science.html"><span class="header-section-number">10</span> Polyglot Data Science</a></li>
<li><a class="" href="chapter-11-conclusion.html"><span class="header-section-number">11</span> Conclusion</a></li>
<li><a class="active" href="list-of-command-line-tools.html">List of Command-Line Tools</a></li>
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  </header><main class="col-sm-12 col-md-9 col-lg-7" id="content"><div id="list-of-command-line-tools" class="section level1 unnumbered">
<h1>List of Command-Line Tools<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-of-command-line-tools"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h1>
<p>This is an overview of all the command-line tools discussed in this book.
This includes binary executables, interpreted scripts, and Z Shell builtins and keywords.
For each command-line tool, the following information, when available and appropriate, is provided:</p>
<ul>
<li>The actual command to type at the command line</li>
<li>A description</li>
<li>The version used in the book</li>
<li>The year that version was released</li>
<li>The primary author(s)</li>
<li>A website to find more information</li>
<li>How to obtain help</li>
<li>An example usage</li>
</ul>
<p>All command-line tools listed here are included in the Docker image.
See <a href="chapter-2-getting-started.html#chapter-2-getting-started">Chapter 2</a> for instructions on how to set it up.
Please note that citing open source software is not trivial, and that some information may be missing or incorrect.</p>
<div id="alias" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>alias<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#alias"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Define or display aliases.
<code>alias</code>
is a Z shell builtin.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> alias
alias is a shell builtin
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> zshbuiltins | <span style="color: #5f8700">grep</span> -A 10 alias
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">alias</span> l
l='ls --color -lhF --group-directories-first'
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">alias</span> python=python3</pre>
</div>
<div id="awk" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>awk<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#awk"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Pattern scanning and text processing language.
<code>awk</code>
(version 1.3.4)
by Mike D. Brennan and Thomas E. Dickey (2019).
More information: <a href="https://invisible-island.net/mawk" class="uri">https://invisible-island.net/mawk</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> awk
awk is /usr/bin/awk
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> awk
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 5 | <span style="color: #5f8700">awk</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'{sum+=$1} END {print sum}'</span>
15</pre>
</div>
<div id="aws" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>aws<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#aws"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Unified tool to manage AWS services.
<code>aws</code>
(version 2.1.32)
by Amazon Web Services (2021).
More information: <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/cli" class="uri">https://aws.amazon.com/cli</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> aws
aws is /usr/local/bin/aws
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">aws</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="bash" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>bash<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bash"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>GNU Bourne-Again SHell.
<code>bash</code>
(version 5.0.17)
by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/bash" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/bash</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> bash
bash is /usr/bin/bash
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> bash</pre>
</div>
<div id="bat" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>bat<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bat"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>A cat clone with syntax highlighting and Git integration.
<code>bat</code>
(version 0.18.0)
by David Peter (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/sharkdp/bat" class="uri">https://github.com/sharkdp/bat</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> bat
bat is an alias for bat --tabs 8 --paging never
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> bat</pre>
</div>
<div id="bc" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>bc<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bc"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>An arbitrary precision calculator language.
<code>bc</code>
(version 1.07.1)
by Philip A. Nelson (2017).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/bc" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/bc</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> bc
bc is /usr/bin/bc
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> bc
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">bc</span> -l <span style="color: #af8700">&lt;&lt;&lt;</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'e(1)'</span>
2.71828182845904523536</pre>
</div>
<div id="body" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>body<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#body"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Apply command to all but the first line.
<code>body</code>
(version 0.1)
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> body
body is /usr/bin/dsutils/body
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 10 | <span style="color: #5f8700">header</span> -a <span style="color: #af8700">'values'</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">body</span> shuf
values
3
7
10
9
5
4
6
8
2
1</pre>
</div>
<div id="cat" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>cat<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#cat"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Concatenate files and print on the standard output.
<code>cat</code>
(version 8.30)
by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman (2018).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> cat
cat is /usr/bin/cat
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> cat
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">cat</span> <span style="color: #0087ff">*</span>.log <span style="color: #af8700">&gt;</span> all.log</pre>
</div>
<div id="cd" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>cd<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#cd"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Change the shell working directory.
<code>cd</code>
is a Z shell builtin.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> cd
cd is a shell builtin
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> zshbuiltins | <span style="color: #5f8700">grep</span> -A 10 cd
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">cd</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">~</span>
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">pwd</span>
/home/dst
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">cd</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">..</span>
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">pwd</span>
/home
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">cd</span> /data/ch01
cd: no such file or directory: /data/ch01</pre>
</div>
<div id="chmod" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>chmod<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#chmod"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Change file mode bits.
<code>chmod</code>
(version 8.30)
by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering (2018).
I use <code>chmod</code> in <a href="chapter-4-creating-command-line-tools.html#chapter-4-creating-command-line-tools">Chapter 4</a> to make a tool executable.
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> chmod
chmod is /usr/bin/chmod
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> chmod
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">chmod</span> u+x script.sh</pre>
</div>
<div id="cols" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>cols<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#cols"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Apply command to subset of columns.
<code>cols</code>
(version 0.1)
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> cols
cols is /usr/bin/dsutils/cols</pre>
</div>
<div id="column" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>column<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#column"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Columnate lists.
<code>column</code>
(version 2.36.1)
by Karel Zak (2021).
More information: <a href="https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux" class="uri">https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> column
column is /usr/bin/column</pre>
</div>
<div id="cowsay" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>cowsay<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#cowsay"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Configurable speaking cow.
<code>cowsay</code>
(version 3.0.3)
by Tony Monroe (1999).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/tnalpgge/rank-amateur-cowsay" class="uri">https://github.com/tnalpgge/rank-amateur-cowsay</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> cowsay
cowsay is /usr/bin/cowsay
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> cowsay
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'The command line is awesome!'</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">cowsay</span>
 ______________________________
&lt; The command line is awesome! &gt;
 ------------------------------
        \   ^__^
         \  (oo)\_______
            (__)\       )\/\
                ||----w |
                ||     ||</pre>
</div>
<div id="cp" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>cp<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#cp"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Copy files and directories.
<code>cp</code>
(version 8.30)
by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering (2018).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> cp
cp is /usr/bin/cp
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> cp
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">cp</span> -r ~/Downloads/<span style="color: #0087ff">*</span>.xlsx <span style="text-decoration: underline">/data</span></pre>
</div>
<div id="csv2vw" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csv2vw<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csv2vw"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Convert CSV to Vowpal Wabbit format.
<code>csv2vw</code>
(version 0.1)
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csv2vw
csv2vw is /usr/bin/dsutils/csv2vw</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvcut" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvcut<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvcut"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Filter and truncate CSV files.
<code>csvcut</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvcut
csvcut is /usr/bin/csvcut
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvcut</span> --help
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvcut</span> -c bill,tip <span style="text-decoration: underline">/data/ch05/tips.csv</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">trim</span>
bill,tip
16.99,1.01
10.34,1.66
21.01,3.5
23.68,3.31
24.59,3.61
25.29,4.71
8.77,2.0
26.88,3.12
15.04,1.96
… with 235 more lines</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvgrep" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvgrep<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvgrep"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Search CSV files.
<code>csvgrep</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvgrep
csvgrep is /usr/bin/csvgrep
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvgrep</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvjoin" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvjoin<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvjoin"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Execute a SQL-like join to merge CSV files on a specified column or columns.
<code>csvjoin</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvjoin
csvjoin is /usr/bin/csvjoin
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvjoin</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvlook" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvlook<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvlook"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Render a CSV file in the console as a Markdown-compatible, fixed-width table.
<code>csvlook</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvlook
csvlook is a shell function
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvlook</span> --help
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvlook</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">/data/ch05/tips.csv</span>
│  bill │   tip │ sex    │ smoker │ day  │ time   │ size │
├───────┼───────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────┼──────┤
│ 16.99 │  1.01 │ Female │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    2 │
│ 10.34 │  1.66 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    3 │
│ 21.01 │  3.50 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    3 │
│ 23.68 │  3.31 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    2 │
│ 24.59 │  3.61 │ Female │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    4 │
│ 25.29 │  4.71 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    4 │
│  8.77 │  2.00 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    2 │
│ 26.88 │  3.12 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    4 │
… with 236 more lines</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvquote" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvquote<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvquote"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Enable common unix utlities to work correctly with CSV data.
<code>csvquote</code>
(version 0.1)
by Dan Brown (2018).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/dbro/csvquote" class="uri">https://github.com/dbro/csvquote</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvquote
csvquote is /usr/local/bin/csvquote</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvsort" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvsort<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvsort"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Sort CSV files.
<code>csvsort</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvsort
csvsort is /usr/bin/csvsort
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvsort</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvsql" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvsql<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvsql"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Execute SQL statements on CSV files.
<code>csvsql</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvsql
csvsql is /usr/bin/csvsql
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvsql</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvstack" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvstack<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvstack"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Stack up the rows from multiple CSV files.
<code>csvstack</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvstack
csvstack is /usr/bin/csvstack
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvstack</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="csvstat" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>csvstat<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#csvstat"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Print descriptive statistics for each column in a CSV file.
<code>csvstat</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> csvstat
csvstat is /usr/bin/csvstat
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">csvstat</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="curl" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>curl<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#curl"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Transfer a URL.
<code>curl</code>
(version 7.68.0)
by Daniel Stenberg (2016).
More information: <a href="https://curl.haxx.se" class="uri">https://curl.haxx.se</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> curl
curl is /usr/bin/curl
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> curl</pre>
</div>
<div id="cut" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>cut<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#cut"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Remove sections from each line of files.
<code>cut</code>
(version 8.30)
by David M. Ihnat, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> cut
cut is /usr/bin/cut
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> cut</pre>
</div>
<div id="display" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>display<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#display"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Displays an image or image sequence on any X server.
<code>display</code>
(version 6.9.10-23)
by ImageMagick Studio LLC (2019).
More information: <a href="https://imagemagick.org" class="uri">https://imagemagick.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> display
display is a shell function</pre>
</div>
<div id="dseq" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>dseq<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#dseq"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Generate sequence of dates.
<code>dseq</code>
(version 0.1)
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> dseq
dseq is /usr/bin/dsutils/dseq
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">dseq</span> 3
2021-12-15
2021-12-16
2021-12-17</pre>
</div>
<div id="echo" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>echo<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#echo"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Display a line of text.
<code>echo</code>
(version 8.30)
by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey (2019).
Useful for using literal text as standard input to the next tool.
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> echo
echo is a shell builtin
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> echo
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia | <span style="color: #5f8700">cowsay</span>
 ______________________________________
&lt; Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia &gt;
 --------------------------------------
        \   ^__^
         \  (oo)\_______
            (__)\       )\/\
                ||----w |
                ||     ||
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> -n Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia | <span style="color: #5f8700">wc</span> -c
36</pre>
</div>
<div id="env" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>env<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#env"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Run a program in a modified environment.
<code>env</code>
(version 8.30)
by Richard Mlynarik, David MacKenzie, and Assaf Gordon (2018).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> env
env is /usr/bin/env
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> env</pre>
</div>
<div id="export" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>export<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#export"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Set export attribute for shell variables. Useful for making shell variables available to other command-line tools..
<code>export</code>
is a Z shell builtin.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> export
export is a reserved word
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> zshbuiltins | <span style="color: #5f8700">grep</span> -A 10 export
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #af8700">export</span> PATH=<span style="color: #af8700">"</span><span style="color: #00afaf">$PATH</span><span style="color: #af8700">:</span><span style="color: #00afaf">$HOME</span><span style="color: #af8700">/bin"</span></pre>
</div>
<div id="fc" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>fc<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#fc"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Control the interactive history mechanism.
<code>fc</code>
is a Z shell builtin.
I use <code>fc</code> in <a href="chapter-4-creating-command-line-tools.html#chapter-4-creating-command-line-tools">Chapter 4</a> to edit the command in <code>nano</code>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> fc
fc is a shell builtin
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> zshbuiltins | <span style="color: #5f8700">grep</span> -A 10 <span style="color: #af8700">'^ *fc '</span></pre>
</div>
<div id="find" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>find<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Search for files in a directory hierarchy.
<code>find</code>
(version 4.7.0)
by Eric B. Decker, James Youngman, and Kevin Dalley (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/findutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/findutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> find
find is /usr/bin/find
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> find
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">find</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">/data</span> -type f -name <span style="color: #af8700">'*.csv'</span> -size -3
/data/ch03/tmnt-basic.csv
/data/ch03/tmnt-missing-newline.csv
/data/ch03/tmnt-with-header.csv
/data/ch05/irismeta.csv
/data/ch05/names-comma.csv
/data/ch05/names.csv
/data/ch07/datatypes.csv</pre>
</div>
<div id="fold" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>fold<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#fold"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Wrap each input line to fit in specified width.
<code>fold</code>
(version 8.30)
by David MacKenzie (2020).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> fold
fold is /usr/bin/fold
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> fold</pre>
</div>
<div id="for" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>for<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#for"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Execute commands for each member in a list.
<code>for</code>
is a Z shell builtin.
In <a href="chapter-8-parallel-pipelines.html#chapter-8-parallel-pipelines">Chapter 8</a>, I discuss the advantages of using <code>parallel</code> instead of <code>for</code>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> for
for is a reserved word
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> zshmisc | <span style="color: #5f8700">grep</span> -EA 10 <span style="color: #af8700">'^ *for '</span>
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #af8700">for</span> i in {A..C} <span style="color: #af8700">"It's easy as"</span> {1..3}; <span style="color: #af8700">do</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> $i; <span style="color: #af8700">done</span>
A
B
C
It's easy as
1
2
3</pre>
</div>
<div id="fx" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>fx<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#fx"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Interactive JSON viewer.
<code>fx</code>
(version 20.0.2)
by Anton Medvedev (2020).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/antonmedv/fx" class="uri">https://github.com/antonmedv/fx</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> fx
fx is /usr/local/bin/fx
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">fx</span> --help
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'[1,2,3]'</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">fx</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'this.map(x =&gt; x * 2)'</span>
[
  <span style="font-weight: bold"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #00afaf">2</span>,
  <span style="font-weight: bold"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #00afaf">4</span>,
  <span style="font-weight: bold"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #00afaf">6</span>
]</pre>
</div>
<div id="git" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>git<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#git"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>The stupid content tracker.
<code>git</code>
(version 2.25.1)
by Linus Torvalds and Junio C. Hamano (2021).
More information: <a href="https://git-scm.com" class="uri">https://git-scm.com</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> git
git is /usr/bin/git
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> git</pre>
</div>
<div id="grep" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>grep<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#grep"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Print lines that match patterns.
<code>grep</code>
(version 3.4)
by Jim Meyering (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/grep" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/grep</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> grep
grep is /usr/bin/grep
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> grep
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 100 | <span style="color: #5f8700">grep</span> 3 | <span style="color: #5f8700">wc</span> -l
19</pre>
</div>
<div id="gron" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>gron<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#gron"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Make JSON greppable.
<code>gron</code>
(version 0.6.1)
by Tom Hudson (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/TomNomNom/gron" class="uri">https://github.com/TomNomNom/gron</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> gron
gron is /usr/bin/gron
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> gron</pre>
</div>
<div id="head" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>head<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#head"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Output the first part of files.
<code>head</code>
(version 8.30)
by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> head
head is /usr/bin/head
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> head
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 100 | <span style="color: #5f8700">head</span> -n 5
1
2
3
4
5</pre>
</div>
<div id="header" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>header<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#header"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Add, replace, and delete header lines.
<code>header</code>
(version 0.1)
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> header
header is /usr/bin/dsutils/header</pre>
</div>
<div id="history" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>history<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#history"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>GNU History Library.
<code>history</code>
(version 8.1)
by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey (2020).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/bash" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/bash</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> history
history is a shell builtin</pre>
</div>
<div id="hostname" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>hostname<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#hostname"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Show or set the system’s host name.
<code>hostname</code>
(version 3.23)
by Peter Tobias, Bernd Eckenfels, and Michael Meskes (2021).
More information: <a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/net-tools/" class="uri">https://sourceforge.net/projects/net-tools/</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> hostname
hostname is /usr/bin/hostname
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> hostname
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">hostname</span>
2c3edb64827b
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">hostname</span> -i
172.17.0.2</pre>
</div>
<div id="in2csv" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>in2csv<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#in2csv"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Convert common, but less awesome, tabular data formats to CSV.
<code>in2csv</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> in2csv
in2csv is /usr/bin/in2csv
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">in2csv</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="jq" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>jq<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#jq"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Command-line JSON processor.
<code>jq</code>
(version 1.6)
by Stephen Dolan (2021).
More information: <a href="https://stedolan.github.com/jq" class="uri">https://stedolan.github.com/jq</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> jq
jq is /usr/bin/jq
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> jq</pre>
</div>
<div id="json2csv" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>json2csv<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#json2csv"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Convert JSON to CSV.
<code>json2csv</code>
(version 1.2.1)
by Jehiah Czebotar (2019).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jehiah/json2csv" class="uri">https://github.com/jehiah/json2csv</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> json2csv
json2csv is /usr/bin/json2csv
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">json2csv</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="l" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>l<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#l"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>List directory contents in long format with directories grouped before files, human readable file sizes, and access permissions.
<code>l</code>
by Unknown (1999).</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> l
l is an alias for ls --color -lhF --group-directories-first
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">cd</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">/data/ch03</span>
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">ls</span>
logs.tar.gz    tmnt-basic.csv            tmnt-with-header.csv
r-datasets.db  tmnt-missing-newline.csv  top2000.xlsx
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">l</span>
total 924K
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst 627K Dec 14 12:03 <span style="font-weight: bold"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #d70000">logs.tar.gz</span>
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst 189K Dec 14 12:03 r-datasets.db
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst  149 Dec 14 12:03 tmnt-basic.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst  148 Dec 14 12:03 tmnt-missing-newline.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst  181 Dec 14 12:03 tmnt-with-header.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst  91K Dec 14 12:03 top2000.xlsx</pre>
</div>
<div id="less" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>less<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#less"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>opposite of more.
<code>less</code>
(version 551)
by Mark Nudelman (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less" class="uri">https://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> less
less is an alias for less -R
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> less
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">less</span> README</pre>
</div>
<div id="ls" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>ls<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ls"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>List directory contents.
<code>ls</code>
(version 8.30)
by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> ls
ls is /usr/bin/ls
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> ls
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">ls</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">/data</span>
ch02  ch03  ch04  ch05  ch06  ch07  ch08  ch09  ch10  csvconf</pre>
</div>
<div id="make" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>make<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#make"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>A Program for Maintaining Computer Programs.
<code>make</code>
(version 4.3)
by Stuart I. Feldman (2020).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/make" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/make</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> make
make is /usr/bin/make
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> make
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">make</span> sandwich</pre>
</div>
<div id="man" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>man<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#man"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>An interface to the system reference manuals.
<code>man</code>
(version 2.9.1)
by John W. Eaton and Colin Watson (2020).
More information: <a href="https://nongnu.org/man-db" class="uri">https://nongnu.org/man-db</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> man
man is /usr/bin/man
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> man
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> excel
No manual entry for excel</pre>
</div>
<div id="mkdir" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>mkdir<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#mkdir"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Make directories.
<code>mkdir</code>
(version 8.30)
by David MacKenzie (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> mkdir
mkdir is /usr/bin/mkdir
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> mkdir
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">mkdir</span> -p /data/ch{01..10}</pre>
</div>
<div id="mv" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>mv<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#mv"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Move (rename) files.
<code>mv</code>
(version 8.30)
by Mike Parker, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering (2020).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> mv
mv is /usr/bin/mv
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> mv
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">mv</span> results{,.bak}</pre>
</div>
<div id="nano" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>nano<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nano"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Nano’s ANOther editor, inspired by Pico.
<code>nano</code>
(version 5.4)
by Benno Schulenberg, David Lawrence Ramsey, Jordi Mallach, Chris Allegretta, Robert Siemborski, and Adam Rogoyski (2020).
More information: <a href="https://nano-editor.org" class="uri">https://nano-editor.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> nano
nano is /usr/bin/nano</pre>
</div>
<div id="nl" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>nl<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nl"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Number lines of files.
<code>nl</code>
(version 8.30)
by Scott Bartram and David MacKenzie (2020).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> nl
nl is /usr/bin/nl
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> nl
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">nl</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">/data/ch05/alice.txt</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">head</span>
     1  ﻿Project Gutenberg's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll
     2
     3  This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
     4  almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
     5  re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
     6  with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
     7
     8
     9  Title: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
    10</pre>
</div>
<div id="parallel" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>parallel<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#parallel"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Build and execute shell command lines from standard input in parallel.
<code>parallel</code>
(version 20161222)
by Ole Tange (2016).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/parallel" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/parallel</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> parallel
parallel is /usr/bin/parallel
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> parallel
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 3 | <span style="color: #5f8700">parallel</span> <span style="color: #af8700">"echo Processing file {}.csv"</span>
Processing file 1.csv
Processing file 2.csv
Processing file 3.csv</pre>
</div>
<div id="paste" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>paste<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#paste"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Merge lines of files.
<code>paste</code>
(version 8.30)
by David M. Ihnat and David MacKenzie (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> paste
paste is /usr/bin/paste
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> paste
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">paste</span> -d, <span style="color: #af005f">&lt;(</span><span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 5<span style="color: #af005f">)</span> <span style="color: #af005f">&lt;(</span><span style="color: #5f8700">dseq</span> 5<span style="color: #af005f">)</span>
1,2021-12-15
2,2021-12-16
3,2021-12-17
4,2021-12-18
5,2021-12-19
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 5 | <span style="color: #5f8700">paste</span> -sd+
1+2+3+4+5</pre>
</div>
<div id="pbc" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>pbc<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pbc"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Parallel bc.
<code>pbc</code>
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> pbc
pbc is /usr/bin/dsutils/pbc
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 3 | <span style="color: #5f8700">pbc</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'{1}^2'</span>
1
4
9</pre>
</div>
<div id="pip" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>pip<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pip"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>A tool for installing and managing Python packages.
<code>pip</code>
(version 20.0.2)
by PyPA (2020).
More information: <a href="https://pip.pypa.io" class="uri">https://pip.pypa.io</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> pip
pip is /usr/bin/pip
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> pip
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">pip</span> install pandas
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">pip</span> freeze | <span style="color: #5f8700">grep</span> sci
scikit-learn==0.24.2
scipy==1.7.0</pre>
</div>
<div id="pup" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>pup<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pup"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Parsing HTML at the command line.
<code>pup</code>
(version 0.4.0)
by Eric Chiang (2016).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/EricChiang/pup" class="uri">https://github.com/EricChiang/pup</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> pup
pup is /usr/bin/pup
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">pup</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="pwd" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>pwd<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pwd"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Print name of working directory.
<code>pwd</code>
(version 8.30)
by Jim Meyering (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> pwd
pwd is a shell builtin
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> pwd
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">cd</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">~</span>
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">pwd</span>
/home/dst</pre>
</div>
<div id="python-1" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>python<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#python-1"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>An interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language.
<code>python</code>
(version 3.8.5)
by The Python Software Foundation (2021).
More information: <a href="https://www.python.org" class="uri">https://www.python.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> python
python is an alias for python3
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> python</pre>
</div>
<div id="r-1" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>R<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#r-1"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing.
<code>R</code>
(version 4.0.4)
by The R Foundation for Statistical Computing (2021).
More information: <a href="https://www.r-project.org" class="uri">https://www.r-project.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> R
R is /usr/bin/R
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> R</pre>
</div>
<div id="rev" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>rev<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#rev"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Reverse lines characterwise.
<code>rev</code>
(version 2.36.1)
by Karel Zak (2021).
More information: <a href="https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux" class="uri">https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> rev
rev is /usr/bin/rev
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'Satire: Veritas'</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">rev</span>
satireV :eritaS
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'Ça va?'</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">rev</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">cut</span> -c 2- | <span style="color: #5f8700">rev</span>
Ça va</pre>
</div>
<div id="rm" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>rm<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#rm"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Remove files or directories.
<code>rm</code>
(version 8.30)
by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, Richard M. Stallman, and Jim Meyering (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> rm
rm is /usr/bin/rm
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> rm
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">rm</span> <span style="color: #0087ff">*</span>.old</pre>
</div>
<div id="rush" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>rush<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#rush"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>R One-Liners from the Shell.
<code>rush</code>
(version 0.1)
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/rush" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/rush</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> rush
rush is /usr/local/lib/R/site-library/rush/exec/rush
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">rush</span> --help
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">rush</span> run <span style="color: #af8700">'6*7'</span>
42
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">rush</span> run --tidyverse <span style="color: #af8700">'filter(starwars, species == "Human") %&gt;% select(name)'</span>
# A tibble: 35 x 1
   name
   &lt;chr&gt;
 1 Luke Skywalker
 2 Darth Vader
 3 Leia Organa
 4 Owen Lars
 5 Beru Whitesun lars
 6 Biggs Darklighter
 7 Obi-Wan Kenobi
 8 Anakin Skywalker
 9 Wilhuff Tarkin
10 Han Solo
# … with 25 more rows</pre>
</div>
<div id="sample" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>sample<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#sample"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Filter lines from standard input according to some probability, with a given delay, and for a certain duration.
<code>sample</code>
(version 0.2.4)
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/sample" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/sample</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> sample
sample is /usr/local/bin/sample
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">sample</span> --help
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 1000 | <span style="color: #5f8700">sample</span> -r 0.01 | <span style="color: #5f8700">trim</span> 5
160
300
337
340
434
… with 6 more lines</pre>
</div>
<div id="scp" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>scp<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#scp"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>OpenSSH secure file copy.
<code>scp</code>
(version 1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.2)
by Timo Rinne and Tatu Ylonen (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.openssh.com" class="uri">https://www.openssh.com</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> scp
scp is /usr/bin/scp
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> scp</pre>
</div>
<div id="sed" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>sed<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#sed"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Stream editor for filtering and transforming text.
<code>sed</code>
(version 4.7)
by Jay Fenlason, Tom Lord, Ken Pizzini, and Paolo Bonzini (2018).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/sed" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/sed</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> sed
sed is /usr/bin/sed
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> sed</pre>
</div>
<div id="seq" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>seq<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#seq"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Print a sequence of numbers.
<code>seq</code>
(version 8.30)
by Ulrich Drepper (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> seq
seq is /usr/bin/seq
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> seq
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 3
1
2
3
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">seq</span> 10 5 20
10
15
20</pre>
</div>
<div id="servewd" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>servewd<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#servewd"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Serve the current working directory using a simple HTTP server.
<code>servewd</code>
(version 0.1)
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> servewd
servewd is /usr/bin/dsutils/servewd
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">servewd</span> --help
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">cd</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">/data</span> &amp;&amp; <span style="color: #5f8700">servewd</span> 8000</pre>
</div>
<div id="shuf" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>shuf<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#shuf"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Generate random permutations.
<code>shuf</code>
(version 8.30)
by Paul Eggert (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> shuf
shuf is /usr/bin/shuf
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> shuf
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> {a..z} | <span style="color: #5f8700">tr</span> <span style="color: #af8700">' '</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'\n'</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">shuf</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">trim</span> 5
s
a
k
x
y
… with 21 more lines
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">shuf</span> -i 1-100 | <span style="color: #5f8700">trim</span> 5
61
60
5
92
10
… with 95 more lines</pre>
</div>
<div id="skll" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>skll<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#skll"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>SciKit-Learn Laboratory.
<code>skll</code>
(version 2.5.0)
by Educational Testing Service (2021).
The actual tool is <code>run_experiment</code>. I use the alias <code>skll</code> because I find that easier to remember.
More information: <a href="https://skll.readthedocs.org" class="uri">https://skll.readthedocs.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> skll
skll is an alias for run_experiment
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">skll</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="sort" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>sort<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#sort"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Sort lines of text files.
<code>sort</code>
(version 8.30)
by Mike Haertel and Paul Eggert (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> sort
sort is /usr/bin/sort
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> sort
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> <span style="color: #af8700">'3\n7\n1\n3'</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">sort</span>
1
3
3
7</pre>
</div>
<div id="split" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>split<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#split"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Split a file into pieces.
<code>split</code>
(version 8.30)
by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> split
split is /usr/bin/split
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> split</pre>
</div>
<div id="sponge" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>sponge<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#sponge"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Soak up standard input and write to a file.
<code>sponge</code>
(version 0.65)
by Colin Watson and Tollef Fog Heen (2021).
Useful if you want to read from and write to the same file in a single pipeline.
More information: <a href="https://joeyh.name/code/moreutils" class="uri">https://joeyh.name/code/moreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> sponge
sponge is /usr/bin/sponge</pre>
</div>
<div id="sql2csv" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>sql2csv<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#sql2csv"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Execute an SQL query on a database and output the result to a CSV file.
<code>sql2csv</code>
(version 1.0.5)
by Christopher Groskopf (2020).
More information: <a href="https://csvkit.rtfd.org" class="uri">https://csvkit.rtfd.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> sql2csv
sql2csv is /usr/bin/sql2csv
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">sql2csv</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="ssh" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>ssh<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ssh"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>OpenSSH remote login client.
<code>ssh</code>
(version 1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.2)
by Tatu Ylonen, Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos, Theo Raadt, Dug Song, and Markus Friedl (2020).
More information: <a href="https://www.openssh.com" class="uri">https://www.openssh.com</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> ssh
ssh is /usr/bin/ssh
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> ssh</pre>
</div>
<div id="sudo" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>sudo<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#sudo"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Execute a command as another user.
<code>sudo</code>
(version 1.8.31)
by Todd C. Miller (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.sudo.ws" class="uri">https://www.sudo.ws</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> sudo
sudo is /usr/bin/sudo
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> sudo</pre>
</div>
<div id="tail" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>tail<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tail"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Output the last part of files.
<code>tail</code>
(version 8.30)
by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, Ian Lance Taylor, and Jim Meyering (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> tail
tail is /usr/bin/tail
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> tail</pre>
</div>
<div id="tapkee" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>tapkee<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tapkee"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>An efficient dimension reduction library.
<code>tapkee</code>
(version 1.2)
by Sergey Lisitsyn, Christian Widmer, and Fernando J. Iglesias Garcia (2013).
More information: <a href="http://tapkee.lisitsyn.me" class="uri">http://tapkee.lisitsyn.me</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> tapkee
tapkee is /usr/bin/tapkee
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">tapkee</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="tar" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>tar<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tar"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>An archiving utility.
<code>tar</code>
(version 1.30)
by John Gilmore and Jay Fenlason (2014).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/tar" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/tar</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> tar
tar is /usr/bin/tar
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> tar</pre>
</div>
<div id="tee" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>tee<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tee"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Read from standard input and write to standard output and files.
<code>tee</code>
(version 8.30)
by Mike Parker, Richard M. Stallman, and David MacKenzie (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> tee
tee is /usr/bin/tee
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> tee</pre>
</div>
<div id="telnet" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>telnet<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#telnet"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>User interface to the TELNET protocol.
<code>telnet</code>
(version 0.17)
by Mats Erik Andersson, Andreas Henriksson, and Christoph Biedl (1999).
More information: <a href="http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~dholland/computers/netkit.html" class="uri">http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~dholland/computers/netkit.html</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> telnet
telnet is /usr/bin/telnet</pre>
</div>
<div id="tldr" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>tldr<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tldr"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Collaborative cheatsheets for console commands.
<code>tldr</code>
(version 3.3.7)
by Owen Voke (2021).
More information: <a href="https://tldr.sh" class="uri">https://tldr.sh</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> tldr
tldr is /usr/local/bin/tldr
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">tldr</span> --help
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">tldr</span> tar | <span style="color: #5f8700">trim</span>
✔ Page not found. Updating cache...
✔ Creating index...
 
  tar
 
  Archiving utility.
  Often combined with a compression method, such as gzip or bzip2.
  More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/tar.
 
  - [c]reate an archive and write it to a [f]ile:
    tar cf target.tar file1 file2 file3
 
… with 22 more lines</pre>
</div>
<div id="tr" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>tr<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tr"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Translate or delete characters.
<code>tr</code>
(version 8.30)
by Jim Meyering (2018).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> tr
tr is /usr/bin/tr
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> tr</pre>
</div>
<div id="tree" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>tree<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tree"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>List contents of directories in a tree-like format.
<code>tree</code>
(version 1.8.0)
by Steve Baker (2018).
More information: <a href="https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/tree" class="uri">https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/tree</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> tree
tree is /usr/bin/tree
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> tree
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">tree</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline">/</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">trim</span>
/
├── bin -&gt; usr/bin
├── boot
├── data
│   ├── ch02
│   │   ├── fac.py
│   │   └── movies.txt
│   ├── ch03
│   │   ├── logs.tar.gz
│   │   ├── r-datasets.db
… with 121572 more lines</pre>
</div>
<div id="trim" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>trim<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#trim"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Trim output to a given height and width.
<code>trim</code>
by Jeroen Janssens (2021).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> trim
trim is /usr/bin/dsutils/trim
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> {a..z}-{0..9} | <span style="color: #5f8700">fold</span> | <span style="color: #5f8700">trim</span> 5 60
a-0 a-1 a-2 a-3 a-4 a-5 a-6 a-7 a-8 a-9 b-0 b-1 b-2 b-3 b-4…
c-0 c-1 c-2 c-3 c-4 c-5 c-6 c-7 c-8 c-9 d-0 d-1 d-2 d-3 d-4…
e-0 e-1 e-2 e-3 e-4 e-5 e-6 e-7 e-8 e-9 f-0 f-1 f-2 f-3 f-4…
g-0 g-1 g-2 g-3 g-4 g-5 g-6 g-7 g-8 g-9 h-0 h-1 h-2 h-3 h-4…
i-0 i-1 i-2 i-3 i-4 i-5 i-6 i-7 i-8 i-9 j-0 j-1 j-2 j-3 j-4…
… with 8 more lines</pre>
</div>
<div id="ts" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>ts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ts"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Timestamp input.
<code>ts</code>
(version 0.65)
by Joey Hess (2021).
More information: <a href="https://joeyh.name/code/moreutils" class="uri">https://joeyh.name/code/moreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> ts
ts is /usr/bin/ts
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">echo</span> seq 5 | <span style="color: #5f8700">sample</span> -d 500 | <span style="color: #5f8700">ts</span>
Dec 14 12:07:20 seq 5</pre>
</div>
<div id="type" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>type<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#type"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Show the type and location of a command-line tool.
<code>type</code>
is a Z shell builtin.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> type
type is a shell builtin
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> zshbuiltins | <span style="color: #5f8700">grep</span> -A 10 <span style="color: #af8700">'^ *type '</span></pre>
</div>
<div id="uniq" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>uniq<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#uniq"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Report or omit repeated lines.
<code>uniq</code>
(version 8.30)
by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> uniq
uniq is /usr/bin/uniq
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> uniq</pre>
</div>
<div id="unpack" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>unpack<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#unpack"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Extract common file formats.
<code>unpack</code>
(version 0.1)
by Patrick Brisbin (2013).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils" class="uri">https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> unpack
unpack is /usr/bin/dsutils/unpack</pre>
</div>
<div id="unrar" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>unrar<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#unrar"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Extract files from rar archives.
<code>unrar</code>
(version 0.0.1)
by Ben Asselstine, Christian Scheurer, and Johannes Winkelmann (2014).
More information: <a href="http://home.gna.org/unrar" class="uri">http://home.gna.org/unrar</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> unrar
unrar is /usr/bin/unrar
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> unrar</pre>
</div>
<div id="unzip" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>unzip<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#unzip"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>List, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive.
<code>unzip</code>
(version 6.0)
by Samuel H. Smith, Ed Gordon, Christian Spieler, Onno Linden, Mike White, Kai Uwe Rommel, Steven M. Schweda, Paul Kienitz, Chris Herborth, Jonathan Hudson, Sergio Monesi, Harald Denker, John Bush, Hunter Goatley, Steve Salisbury, Steve Miller, and Dave Smith (2009).
More information: <a href="http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip" class="uri">http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> unzip
unzip is /usr/bin/unzip
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> unzip</pre>
</div>
<div id="vw" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>vw<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#vw"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Fast machine learning library for online learning.
<code>vw</code>
(version 8.10.1)
by John Langford (2021).
More information: <a href="https://vowpalwabbit.org" class="uri">https://vowpalwabbit.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> vw
vw is /usr/local/bin/vw
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">vw</span> --help --quiet</pre>
</div>
<div id="wc" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>wc<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wc"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Print newline, word, and byte counts for each file.
<code>wc</code>
(version 8.30)
by Paul Rubin and David MacKenzie (2019).
More information: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils" class="uri">https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> wc
wc is /usr/bin/wc
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> wc</pre>
</div>
<div id="which" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>which<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Locate a command.
<code>which</code>
(version 0.1)
by Unknown (2016).
More information: .</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> which
which is a shell builtin
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> which</pre>
</div>
<div id="xml2json" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>xml2json<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#xml2json"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Convert an XML input to a JSON output, using xml-mapping.
<code>xml2json</code>
(version 0.0.3)
by François Parmentier (2016).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/parmentf/xml2json" class="uri">https://github.com/parmentf/xml2json</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> xml2json
xml2json is /usr/local/bin/xml2json</pre>
</div>
<div id="xmlstarlet" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>xmlstarlet<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#xmlstarlet"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Command line XML/XSLT toolkit.
<code>xmlstarlet</code>
(version 1.6.1)
by Dagobert Michelsen, Noam Postavsky, and Mikhail Grushinskiy (2019).
More information: <a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/xmlstar" class="uri">https://sourceforge.net/projects/xmlstar</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> xmlstarlet
xmlstarlet is /usr/bin/xmlstarlet
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> xmlstarlet</pre>
</div>
<div id="xsv" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>xsv<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#xsv"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>A fast CSV command line toolkit written in Rust.
<code>xsv</code>
(version 0.13.0)
by Andrew Gallant (2018).
More information: <a href="https://github.com/BurntSushi/xsv" class="uri">https://github.com/BurntSushi/xsv</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> xsv
xsv is /usr/bin/xsv
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">xsv</span> --help</pre>
</div>
<div id="zcat" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>zcat<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#zcat"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>Decompress and concatenate files to standard output.
<code>zcat</code>
(version 1.10)
by Paul Eggert (2021).
More information: <a href="https://www.nongnu.org/zutils/zutils.html" class="uri">https://www.nongnu.org/zutils/zutils.html</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> zcat
zcat is /usr/bin/zcat
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> zcat</pre>
</div>
<div id="zsh" class="section level2 unnumbered">
<h2>zsh<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#zsh"><i class="fas fa-link"></i></a>
</h2>
<p>The Z shell.
<code>zsh</code>
(version 5.8)
by Paul Falstad and Peter Stephenson (2020).
More information: <a href="https://www.zsh.org" class="uri">https://www.zsh.org</a>.</p>
<pre><span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">type</span> zsh
zsh is /usr/bin/zsh
 
<span style="font-weight: bold">$</span> <span style="color: #5f8700">man</span> zsh</pre>

</div>
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<li><a class="nav-link" href="#list-of-command-line-tools">List of Command-Line Tools</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#alias">alias</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#awk">awk</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#aws">aws</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#bash">bash</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#bat">bat</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#bc">bc</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#body">body</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#cat">cat</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#cd">cd</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#chmod">chmod</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#cols">cols</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#column">column</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#cowsay">cowsay</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#cp">cp</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csv2vw">csv2vw</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvcut">csvcut</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvgrep">csvgrep</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvjoin">csvjoin</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvlook">csvlook</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvquote">csvquote</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvsort">csvsort</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvsql">csvsql</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvstack">csvstack</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#csvstat">csvstat</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#curl">curl</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#cut">cut</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#display">display</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#dseq">dseq</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#echo">echo</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#env">env</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#export">export</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#fc">fc</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#find">find</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#fold">fold</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#for">for</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#fx">fx</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#git">git</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#grep">grep</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#gron">gron</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#head">head</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#header">header</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#history">history</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#hostname">hostname</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#in2csv">in2csv</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#jq">jq</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#json2csv">json2csv</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#l">l</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#less">less</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#ls">ls</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#make">make</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#man">man</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#mkdir">mkdir</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#mv">mv</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#nano">nano</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#nl">nl</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#parallel">parallel</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#paste">paste</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#pbc">pbc</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#pip">pip</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#pup">pup</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#pwd">pwd</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#python-1">python</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#r-1">R</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#rev">rev</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#rm">rm</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#rush">rush</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#sample">sample</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#scp">scp</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#sed">sed</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#seq">seq</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#servewd">servewd</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#shuf">shuf</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#skll">skll</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#sort">sort</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#split">split</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#sponge">sponge</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#sql2csv">sql2csv</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#ssh">ssh</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#sudo">sudo</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#tail">tail</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#tapkee">tapkee</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#tar">tar</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#tee">tee</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#telnet">telnet</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#tldr">tldr</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#tr">tr</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#tree">tree</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#trim">trim</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#ts">ts</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#type">type</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#uniq">uniq</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#unpack">unpack</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#unrar">unrar</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#unzip">unzip</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#vw">vw</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#wc">wc</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#which">which</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#xml2json">xml2json</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#xmlstarlet">xmlstarlet</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#xsv">xsv</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#zcat">zcat</a></li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="#zsh">zsh</a></li>
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        <p><strong>Data Science at the Command Line, 2e</strong> by <a href="https://twitter.com/jeroenhjanssens" class="text-light">Jeroen Janssens</a>. Updated on December 14, 2021. This book was built by the <a class="text-light" href="https://bookdown.org">bookdown</a> R package.</p>
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